The Industry Story - Guideline Daily Amounts

Melanie Leech, Director General, Food and Drink Federation,

As the voice of the UK's largest manufacturing sector[1], the Food and Drink Federation (FDF) has a passionate belief that better outcomes for society will be delivered when industry and Government work together in a genuine partnership to make food safer, healthier and more environmentally sustainable.

Our members have shown real leadership in recent years in supporting key areMelanie Leech - FDF Director Generalas of public policy. But it is arguably our groundbreaking work in the area of health and wellbeing where we have been making the biggest difference to the lives of consumers – whether through our reformulation efforts, the development of 'better for you' products or the introduction of clearer on-pack nutritional information.

In fact, FDF and its members published their sevenpoint health and wellbeing action plan way back in 2004 – an early sign of the positive role our industry could play in helping society meet the challenges posed by obesity.

This plan included a public commitment to provide clearer nutrition labelling on food and drink packs as we recognised this would be a powerful tool for helping consumers make better informed choices and improve their overall food literacy.

Three years ago, there was little nutritional information carried on the front of most food and drink products sold in the UK. Today, that has all changed – thanks to the enormous commitment shown by manufacturers and retailers who have voluntarily incorporated this information on their packs.

The most widely adopted scheme in the UK is based on GDAs – Guideline Daily Amounts – and our leadership in this market has prompted the European Commission to propose a similar approach to nutritional labelling for its European-wide food labelling regulation now being negotiated in Brussels.

As well as outlining the progress being made to increase the use of GDA information on the front of food and drink packs here in the UK, this report will explain why we believe adding traffic lights on top of GDA labels is unlikely to help shoppers further.

The available evidence suggests that shoppers from all walks of life are increasingly aware of GDA labels[2], on the front of packs, and are using them more often[3]. GDAs are working!

There are some fundamental reasons why GDA labels are creating significant shopper interest and why overlaying traffic light colours could be less helpful, not more:

  • Front-of-pack GDA labels are a useful summary of the nutritional information found on the back of food and drink packs – as such they are relevant to all product categories. By contrast, multiple traffic lights were not designed for universal use; research from the Food Standards Agency also shows that consumers would not welcome them on all categories[4],
  • GDA labelling is based on per portion information whilst traffic light labelling is applied per 100g. Combining the two approaches across all categories provides some confusing results. For example: a 10g portion of a spread containing 0.2g of salt would have a red label for salt, whilst a ready meal containing 2.2g of salt would have an amber label
  • GDA labels encourage consumers to commit to positive incentives rather than pay heed to negative warnings, and thus far the data suggest that consumers have responded well to the approach favoured by the majority in the food and drink industry.

The two schemes use very different approaches and methodologies, and overlaying colours on GDAs produces a plethora of ambiguous results:

  • Products with significantly different nutritional profiles can get the same traffic light colour combinations: consequently at-a-glance shoppers may not be helped to pick the healthier option
  • Products, which typically are consumed in portions larger than 100g, may get inferred traffic light 'endorsement' when in reality their consumption levels merit careful consideration
  • Some foods that are recommended to be included in healthy balanced diets – such as oily fish, nuts or cheese – can become unfairly demonised with a swathe of red warning signs

FDF's is the first voice that you will read in this report, but over the course of the next few pages you will also hear the views of other key stakeholders in this debate. Our other 'voices' are those of shoppers, a dietician, a food brand, a retailer, a national newspaper and a politician.

By looking at this issue from different perspectives, we hope you will be able to understand how the widespread adoption of GDA front-of-pack labelling is starting to make a very real difference to the way that food is produced, sold and consumed in this country. In so doing, the food industry's work on labelling is making an important contribution to societal efforts to encourage British citizens to change their diets for the better.

More information

References

  1. A report by Professor Bruce Traill of Reading University for the FDF published in 2006 found that the food and drink sector accounts for 14% of all manufacturing in the UK (by value), directly employs some 470,000 people and indirectly accounts for a further 1.2 million jobs. Other measures of the importance of food and drink manufacturing to the UK economy include the fact our sector is an important partner of UK farmers – buying two-thirds of what they produce – and exports some £11.5bn worth of products every year
  2. 83% of consumers are aware of GDA labels, Millward Brown April 2008
  3. Use of GDA labels has risen from 29% to 63% between November 2006 and April 2008, Millward Brown
  4. Synovate research prepared for COI on behalf of the Food Standards Agency, November 2005. Only 29% of consumers said they wanted signpost labelling on all categories

Last reviewed: 27 Apr 2009